Retail Information System Essay

1. What are the benefits of 7-Eleven’s Retail Information System? 1) Increase sales opportunities and gain profits i) Retail Information System can amass information about customer demand, pricing, and interest in new products, such as Diet Pepsi, Zero Coke, Slurpee. Analysis of the data shows which items are selling well in which stores, which items customers are most interested in, seasonal demand for items and which items are most profitable to sell in the first place. Then, 7-Eleven can depend on the above data to order the exact quantities of products & get the maximum of profit. ii) Insights gleaned from the data also help 7-Eleven develop new products such as its fresh-food offerings that attract new customers and increase transaction size. For examples, now some 7-Eleven have the fast food counter to sell the fast food like fish ball, dumplings. It is very popular and meets the needs of the market. 2) Reduce excess inventory Through the Retail Information System, management uses this information to identify sales trend, improve product assortment, eliminate slow-moving products from inventory, and increase same-store sales by stocking products that are high in demand. It can avoid the excess inventory and save the inventory cost includes the expensive rental expenses. 3) Easy to control the inventory Retail Information System provides store managers with information on daily, weekly, and monthly sales of each item to help them determine which items to order the exact quantities they need for their stores. Managers use this information plus their on-the-spot knowledge of the neighborhood to make final order decision. Further, 7-Eleven’s orders for fresh food items are aggregated at 7-Eleven headquarters and transmitted to fresh food suppliers and bakeries for preparation and delivery the next day. It reduces the product spoilage and save the unnecessary costs. 4) Increase the competitiveness of the market 7-Eleven uses the information that they can get the respond to the needs of the customers. By tracking and analyzing its data, it knows its customers as intimately as it did when store owners talked to each customer face-to-face. Understand the customers’ need then increase the sales thus increase the competitiveness of the market. 2. Which of the strategies does the Retail Information System support? Retail Information System supports the strategies of Strengthening customer and supplier intimacy. 7-Eleven through the system to analyze the data shows which items are selling well in which stores, which items customers are most interested in, seasonal demand for items and which items are most profitable to sell in the first place. These information can give it to suppliers then they can determine to import which products from the wholesale, which season import which items, which items would import more to get most profitable. Further, these data can also give it to supplier to develop new products such as its fresh-food offerings that attract new customers. Moreover, the system consolidates these orders and transmits them to suppliers for preparation and delivery the next day of food & drink. It can reduce the transportation costs. Through making transactions in general easier and more user friendly for both customers and suppliers, the intimacy of the firm and customer/supplier will increase. This offers great incentive for both customer and supplier to continue doing business with 7-Eleven. Use information systems to develop strong ties and loyalty with customers and suppliers. It also discovers unsuspected problems, detect unrealized potential, and create a dynamic synergy with customers. They often merge their operations with those of their customers. In the integration of their operations, suppliers become more than merely useful. To tighten long-term relationship and create brand loyalty with customers and suppliers, including increasing switching costs. In conclusion, Strengthening customer and supplier intimacy lead to win-win situation.

The Catholic Reformation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Catholic Reformation - Essay Example The leaders sold them to the people using lies saying that whoever bought a luxury would get out of purgatory whereas any person you bought for would escape hell’s fury. Martin Luther however believed in going to heaven only by believing in Jesus Christ. This outcry from the professor scared the Pope because the people realized they do not require any human involvements for them to go to heaven (Mullet, 2004). The translations of the bible, especially the New Testament into other languages that people could understand and the following of the older testament’s Judaism by the church were the other causes of this reformation. There was evidently a lot of corruption among the high level clergy at the time (Hulme, 2004). These events led to the reorganization of the church immediately after the pinning of the ninety five notions by Martin Luther on the day of All Saints. This activities brought a lot of friction between him and the pope resulting in his trial in the year 1521. The trial resulted in his excommunication and the eventual spread of reorganization across the entire German state. This new movements arose without involving the direct influence of Martin Luther (Hulme, 2004). The Christians in Zurich, Switzerland, also revolted under Zwingli who also spread the gospel of the standard of rationalization through faith (Mullet, 2004). There was also an emergence of the radical reformers claiming that the standards of authority in spiritual matters must be put to use without concessions. In France, John Calvin led his people through his forceful influences to serve the church and the state as one organization. This he said would have to be forcefully done for the magnificence of God. The spread of the reformist factions in England was more about political issues than spiritual issues (Mullet, 2004). This resulted in the formation of the Anglican church after the pope’s refusal to grant the King of England a

Physics lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Physics - Lab Report Example The experiment made use of a glider placed in an air track and suspended on two springs. The setup is at rest and remains at rest because the springs subject an equal force on the glider; they cancel each other; it is at a stable equilibrium position. The force applied on the setup in particular direction results a net force that acts on the glider and tries to return to the equilibrium state. The combined forces pull in a manner that the resultant force takes It to the original position; determined as restoring force. When the glider is brought to the original position, it is still under the influence of velocity and therefore goes beyond the default position by overshoot moving to the opposite direction from the earlier force. The overshoot results in the whole drag to equilibrium starting all over again. The back and forth motion is referred to as an oscillation. Mathematically known as sine and cosine function; simple harmonic motion. To analyze the problem let x be an instantaneous position of the glider while x0 is the equilibrium position. When the glider moves from the equilibrium position, the restoring force is F. without applying too much force resultant forces are linear hence force equation is; It implies that when the glider moves away from the equilibrium, restoring force becomes bigger. F is proportional to x. k is the spring constant. The sign (-) represents the restoration character of the force in the setup. A positive different in (x-x0) indicates that the force is negative x direction. A negative (x-x0) implies a positive force direction. Given a displacement initially A = x-x0, F = -kA, and accelerates towards the negative x-axis towards equilibrium; x = x0 where the restoring force is zero. It passes beyond x0 to the opposite direction and arrives with x-x0 = -A at zero velocity and it is pulled back. This forth and back motion goes on and results to oscillations. Without friction, kinetic energy and potential energy remain the

HUI 235 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HUI 235 - Essay Example cio’s tales illustrate what could happen in that strange medieval period in a society where power and morals were quite different to how we consider them today, and where fear was a very real emotion in women and those who occupied the lower strata. Political correctness and formal ethics had not been invented yet, and it was certainly not an egalitarian society. The first tale from Day Four, when Filostrato tells his story, shows exactly how unequally people dealt with each other. He recounts the plight of Ghismonda, the daughter of Tancrede the King of Salerne. Daughters were under their fathers’ power whether they were servants or kings. Women had very little say in the direction of their lives: the reason for Ghismonda’s tragic fate. Although she was already widowed after an arranged marriage, her father made all decisions about her life, choosing her husband: ‘Neverthelesse, at length, he matched her with the Sonne to the Duke of Capua.’ She could not simply fall in love with any man who came her way. When she did form a secret liaison with Guiscardo - who was not even a nobleman, and occupied a lower position in the palace - she was taking an enormous risk. Secrecy and lies, subterfuge and concealment were vital: a father was seen to be justified in killing his children if they went against his will or trespassed on some social more. There was no freedom and very little fairness. Tancrede blamed his daughter for his anger: ‘...thou hast meerly murthered the unfeigned affection I bare thee, as never any father could expresse more to his childe.’ Her tragedy came from social inequality and the perception - by all - that men were superior and fathers (especially if they were kings) almighty. In the fifth tale of the day, Philomena’s tale about Isabella (Lizabetta in some versions) and her herb pot, her brothers have power to do what they liked with her and anyone who got in their way. It was a world where people died like flies from the plague,

BALANCE SCORE AND STRATGEY MAP ANALYSIS OF CHEVRON Essay

BALANCE SCORE AND STRATGEY MAP ANALYSIS OF CHEVRON - Essay Example The balanced score card is used here as a strategic management tool and strategic control system. The balance score card is supplemented with a strategy map. The strategy map use a more direct approach to depict the cause and effect relationship between the various objectives across finance, customer, internal process and learning and growth. The research report also involves a detailed explanation of the link between each type of objective. Apart from that the strategies are also linked with the mission and objectives of Chevron. Based on the observations obtained from the balanced score card and the strategy map, a recommendation is prepared. A critical analysis of the balanced score card is also provided along with limitation and conclusion in this report. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 Vision of the company 4 3.0 Strategy 5 4.0 Designed Balanced Scorecard 6 4.1 Customer perspective 7 4.2 Financial perspective 7 4.3 Learning and innovation perspective 9 4.4 Internal proc esses perspective 9 5.0 Balance of balanced scorecard 10 6.0 Strategy map (ping) 12 7.0 Links within each perspective 13 8.0 Links with respect to particular company 14 9.0 Recommendations 14 10.0 Balanced scorecard a critical analysis 15 11.0 Limitations of balanced scorecard 16 12.0 Conclusion 16 Reference 18 1.0 Introduction Chevron is a global energy company which deals into various kinds of energy sources like oil, natural gas, oil sands, geothermal, solar energy. The company is catering to the growing demand of energy for the world and at the same time making sure that the nature and environment is kept safe for a healthier and greener tomorrow (Anthony et al., 2011). In the next 35 years, it is estimated that the energy demand will increase by 40% of what is today. In order to cater to the growing demand of the world, efforts are underway to find new means of energy resources. As such the energy resources are scarce and it is estimated that by 2035 more than 30% of the world population is going to survive on renewable sources of energy. Chevron continues to search the horizon for better cleaner and more efficient sources of energy. This endeavour is costly and time consuming and most of the time there are no pay offs from such endeavours. Besides conducting the search for better and cleaner energy and feeding the world with its energy demands, Chevron is also committed to provide a greener and cleaner environment. Various other endeavours involve expenses and Chevron needs to make sure that the ultimate payoff is able to compensate for the costs endured (Argyris, 2007). In order to prepare a road map that can lead to better strategic position in future a balanced score card along with strategic map is presented in this research topic. 2.0 Vision of the company Chevron envisions supplying the world with energy products that will help to create sustainable economic progress as well as human development all across the world. To create people and organisati on equipped with excellent capabilities and commitment (Forza and Salvador, 2001). To built a strong brand image among customers, governments, employees as well as local communities. 3.0 Strategy The road to a sustainable future is structured by using balanced score card and subsequent creation of a strategy map to show the implementation of the balanced score card. The strategy is to improve the learning and growth indices. So that improved employee

Foreign Market Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Foreign Market Analysis - Essay Example product. The feel good factor is that it is pro-American country with the Filipinos and their government having very friendly relations with the U.S. The Philippines is the 19th largest export market of the United States with an approximate annual export of $8 billion. For launching a new product by JF’s Electronics, the Philippines can be the perfect launching pad as people there have liking for the U.S. products. Language is not a barrier, as the Philippines is the third largest English speaking country (buyusa.gov). The Philippines market environment for the mobile phone products, called the Cellular Mobile Telephone System (CMTS) is quite encouraging for the U.S. products. Let’s review different environmental aspects related to the Philippines economy, politics, legal, regulatory, technological, and social factors to ensure that the JF’s Electronics would succeed in providing a secure international platform to its new product – customized mobile phone. JF’s Electronics new product – the customized mobile phone would find a ready and ripe market as the mobile phone is a favorite digital device of the Filipinos. More than 22 million Filipinos have a mobile phone. The number of mobile subscribers is growing fast; in 2004 the growth rate touched to 34% to more than 30.2 million. In Short Messaging Service (SMS), this country is the world leader. As per the market report, carriers cover more than 200 million text messages a day in Philippines. The above scenario projected by the U.S. Commercial Service regarding the mobile phone market and the Philippine’s 100 years old friendly business relations with the U.S. are enough to build up confidence of the JF’s Electronics to enter in the Philippines market with its new product launch, i.e. customized mobile phone (buyusa.gov). The Philippines imports in electronics are into raw material to be used in export processing locations. Consumer goods, a subsector of electronics industry are 0.93

The reason salmons are overfished Essay Example for Free

The reason salmons are overfished Essay Description:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Preferred language style: English (U.S.).   This is for the resource economy class. The subject is `Why salmons are overfished and how to protect it. ` There are no special instructions. I want u guys write down the explanation of salmons first and get to the subject then. Thank u.   Salmon is a unique fish which follows a very unique lifecycle.   It has an elongated body and is covered with rounded and small scales.   Between the tail fin and the dorsal fin, a fleshy fin is present.    It belongs to the same family of fishes that certain other fishes such as trout, whitefish, etc, belong (Salmonidae).   Salmon fishes can grow to a length of 86 cms and can weigh about 3.6 kilograms.   Salmon is caught for its meat and also as game.   Salmon usually feed on smaller fishes, aquatic life and insects. The salmon are migratory in nature and hence are found in sea water and in fresh water.   It is usually found only in the northern hemisphere.   The life cycle of the salmon has really been unique in nature.   The female adult Salmon lay their eggs in rivers, ponds or lakes.   The spawn develop in the fresh water and slowly the young salmon migrate to the sea water.   In the sea and the oceans, the salmon grow up.   Once the Salmon are ready to breed, they move upstream from the seas into the rivers and towards inlands.   If the salmon cannot find their way to the sea, as the water body may be landlocked, they may grow and develop in the lake or pond it (MSN Encarta, 2007 NMFS, 2008).   The Salmon that grows up in the ocean would turn up exactly in the same place that they were born and grew up.   In order to reach the place of their birth, the salmon would have to travel upstream several hundreds or thousands of miles.   This is one of the unique characteristics of the Salmon, and only in certain areas of the world, would it be possible to move from a sea into a lake found inland.   Hence, Salmon are found only in certain parts of the world.   Another unique thing of the Salmon fish is that the adults spawn only once in their lifetime. Following their spawning, the adult male dies and this process is known as ‘semelparity’.   Depending on the characteristics of the fresh water the Salmon would be thriving in, individual characteristics are produced.   The juvenile Salmon that is actually produced would spend about one to three years in the more friendly fresh water lakes, rivers and ponds.   After this period, they would move into the oceans and the seas through the downstream of the river.   The female salmon usually produce about 3 to 5 nests during the season.   Following mating, the eggs hatch within 42 to 60 days (MSN Encarta, 2007 NMFS, 2008).   The young salmon fry that is produced would feed on the river aquatic life and plankton.   The juvenile salmon have parr marks on its body, which it would shortly lose after it enters the oceans.   They appear black in color and have white abdomen.   Initially, the salmon fish can process freshwater, and once they enter the sea, the metabolic processes in the salmon would change in such a way that it can now process seawater.   Even the mechanisms in the gills would change so that it can breathe in oxygen in seawater.   In the rivers, the salmon would be feeding on plankton and other aquatic life.   However, in the oceans, the salmon would be feeding on squids, marine fishes, amphipods, etc.   The Salmon would be remaining in the oceans for a period of 2 to 3 years.   It is usually beyond the fourth year that the salmon would be returning through the rivers to the land to spawn.   Several species of salmon would be spending their entire lifetime in the rivers and the lakes, and would not actually migrate into the seas.    Such species are known as ‘non-anadromous types’.   Sometimes although the salmon can actually migrate to the oceans during their life, some of the juveniels would remain back.   They would mate with the anadromous types.   The initial few years of the lifetime of the salmon is spent in the lakes for growing and developing.   Later they migrate to the seas and spend about half of their lifetime there.   In the last year or few months of their lifetime, the salmon would migrate from the sea to the place of birth and would spawn there (MSN Encarta, 2007 NMFS, 2008).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the spawning period, the salmon develop a drab color.   However, certain species of salmon may develop brighter hues.   In the mating season, the salmon have a hooked snout and their backs appear to be humped.   Usually, the salmon prefer shallow water which contain rocks and gravel for spawning, as it offers the eggs a huge amount of protection from predators.   The water in these Shallow River or lakes needs to flow rapidly.   The mating process of the salmon is very unique indeed.   One of the parents makes a nest or ‘redd’ for the fertilized eggs to develop.   The female lays down the unfertilized eggs in the bottom of the nest.   The male then releases the sperms over these eggs. Following this, the female digs up the bottom of the riverbed to ensure that the earth covers up the eggs.   During the entire process of migrating to the river from the seas, building the nests and mating, the salmon would not consume any food.   Depending on the temperature, species and the flow of the water, the eggs of the salmon would hatch anywhere between 40 to 60 days.   Once the eggs of the salmon hatch, the newborn known as ‘alevins’ stay in the nest and feed on the nutrients present in the yolk sacs attached to their bodies.   Once these nutrients get exhausted, the young salmon are known as ‘fry’ and slowly come out from the nests. They now feed on small aquatic plants, insects and debris found in the riverbeds.   The fry grow and develop in the rivers and develop vertical bars on the sides of their bodies that help in camouflage (parr).   When the juvenile salmon are about to begin their journeys into the sea, they become bright silver in color and are known as ‘smolts’.   They would spend about 2 years in the oceans where they become sexually mature in order to reproduce.   Then they would begin their journey upstream (MSN Encarta, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are slight amount of differences in the salmon found in the Pacific Ocean and in the ones found in the Atlantic Ocean.   The Pacific salmon would not return to the oceans after spawning once, but the Atlantic salmon would return upstream to their place of birth every year, breed and then return back into the ocean.   The breeding season for the Atlantic salmon is October to November.   An Atlantic salmon can live for up to 4 years, whereas a Pacific salmon can live for 4 to 5 years.   An Atlantic salmon would weigh 4 to 6 kgs in weight, and a Pacific salmon would weigh 7 to 11 kgs in weight (MSN Encarta, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Salmon are caught in fresh waters and in sea waters for their meat, both on a small scale and on a large scale.   Fishing corporations use nets in order to catch the Salmon during the spawning season.   This may vary from one geographic location to another.   Different species of salmon also migrate during different seasons of the year in order to spawn.   Huge salmon fishing activities go on along the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts of North America.   More than 60, 000 humans work in the Salmon fishing industry and more than one billion is generated as revenue.   Some of the countries that are involved in the Salmon fishing business include USA, Canada, Britain, Russia, Japan, Norway and Denmark.    These fisheries also help to grow and develop the young salmon in artificial hatcheries.   These young salmon are collected from the nests and are incubated in the hatcheries.   They are then released into the rivers ahead of time.   The hatcheries offer protection for the young salmon from their natural predators.   However, the artificial salmon have a poor genetic variety as compared to their counterparts which are breed in the natural environment.   This can make them less resistant to disease, environment hazards and genetic diseases (MSN Encarta, 2007). However, there are several issues concerning the salmon currently, as it is being overfished in several parts of the world.   50 years back, more than 2.5 million to 5 million brood salmon existed in the oceans.   In 1970’s, about 800, 000 existed, which shrunk to 300, 000 by 1996.   In the year 2007, only about 80, 000 remain the oceans.   As Salmon spend a greater proportion of their lives in fresh waters, they are a great risk that they could be overfished and thus become extinct.   Several states in the US and Canada are considering to enlist the Salmon fish as endangered or threatened under their individual Endangered Species Statues. Further, the salmon that are in the spawning process are specifically targeted as they present in the fresh waters during this period.   As the spawning salmon are targeted, there is a greatest risk that the species is in a great danger of not multiplying.   In the Sacramento River, the Chinook Salmon were very common, growing and multiplying in huge quantities.   However, today, they have almost disappeared from their natural habitat.   The regional fisheries have actually invested more than 150 million dollars in order to save the species, but nothing can be done to save the Salmon in several parts of the Sacramento River.   The government and other organizations need to act fast if anything can be done to save the salmon. People feel that either too many Salmon are being removed from the river at any given time or that the Salmon are being removed at a wrong point of time.   The remaining fish that may exist in the river are at the risk of being attacked with disease or from predators.   However, some fisherman considers that the problems lie in the ocean itself that may be providing conditions unfavorable to the Salmon.   Some fisherman also considers that Salmon are often sucked into the irrigation tubes and irrigation canals of several irrigation projects that provide water for agricultural purposes. The problem could also lie in the fact that the oceans, rivers, lakes and ponds are much more polluted than they were actually were a few decades back.   The Chinook salmon is actually protected by Local rules and regulations In San Francisco region.   A Salmon would also require proper nutrition and food in order to survive the journey to the sea.   Scientists feel that a drop in several aquatic and marine lives can directly affect the salmon. The ocean currents that actually bring in plankton and krill required for the salmon have gone out of tune since 2005.   In 2005, several salmon which actually entered the oceans have actually died due to starvation.   In a study conducted in San Francisco, it was found that only 4 out of the 200 salmon reached the oceans (that is about 2 %).   Several dams and irrigations projects have actually ruined the path of the salmon and have made them more susceptible to predators (Felicity Barringer, 2008, William K. Stevens, 1999, Ian Main, 2006). Some of the reasons as to why the salmon are reducing in number could be as follows:- There has been a sudden increase in the amount of commercial, industrial and recreational overfishing.   These seem to be a major threat to the salmon as often the young ones and the spawning ones are caught.   However, fishing can be regulated and is within the control by jurisdiction. Aquaculture has been conducted in order to save the species of extinction by raising them in a controlled environment and releasing them when they are grown up.   However, often fish which are susceptible to diseases and which can spread infectious and genetic diseases to other fishes are produced and released. Irrigations projects could hamper the progress of the salmon from their birth place to the sea and vice-versa.   Salmon can often not find their way home from the oceans.   Besides, several salmon may fall prey to several predators on the way to the oceans.   In the city of Washington itself, more than 1000 irrigation projects hamper the progress of salmon.   In certain areas fish ladders have been introduced to help the fish through their natural course.   However, in the process several fishes have become injured and are unable to continue with their onward journey. Several forest operations have caused pollutions of the rivers.   Slit from several projects have made the rivers dirty and uninhabitable.   Trees have been removed near several rivers, making it difficult fro the salmon to bear the temperatures of the water. Farming and ranching activities have added further insult to the problem of salmons.   Livestock have disturbed aquatic life and farming activities have changed the quality of the water found in rivers. Mining the riverbeds for gravel has caused a lot of problems for the salmon.   The nest containing the developing eggs and alevins has been disturbed.   Rivers are often polluted from such activities. Several cities developing near important rivers have created a lot of problems for the salmon.   Waste water from homes and industries has polluted the river water making it difficult for the salmon to survive.   River water is often diverted to homes and industries for use, thus drying up the rivers. Artificial salmon hatcheries are also causing problems for the salmon.   Hatcheries usually collect male and female adult salmon, remove their sperms and unfertilized eggs, and artificially fertilize the eggs.   The eggs are then raised artificially and young fry are produced.   These fry may be released into the environment.   However, some of the fish are returned to the hatchery unknowingly.   This can cause several problems in the quality of salmon that are ultimately produced. Several other species such as muscles, crabs, aquatic plants, weeds, etc are competing with the salmon for spaces in lakes, rivers, and sea. Several aquatic lives that are protected are multiplying at uncontrollable rates, and directly feed on the salmon, thus affecting the numbers left in the oceans. Global warming also seems to be a problem for the salmon, as they usually prefer cooler waters for breeding and spawning. Through pollution and other activities in the rivers, the levels of oxygen are reducing, making it difficult for the salmon to survive. In Several places in the world, such as Greenland and even in parts of Canada, the temperatures have drooped during severely during winter times, making it more difficult for the salmon to survive in the rivers and the seas. The population of seabirds has increased which are constant predators for salmon. (The Oregonian, 2008, Felicity Barringer, 2008, Ian Main, 2006) Protection of Salmons need to be done involving several organizations including NGO’s, Governmental organizations, local groups, tribal’s, etc.   Besides, resources have to be allocated at very stages to help recover the populations of salmons.   A separate project strategy should be developed by various stakeholders for saving the salmon.   This project strategy should have certain goals which including saving the number of the existing adult and juvenile salmons.   The project should aim at reaching a particular target within a specified timeframe. The targets of the project should be achievable.   Various stakeholders and organizations should exhibit a collaborative effort.   Immense planning and sharing of responsibilities and roles is required.   Options should also be available in case a path is not feasible.   Activities in order to m monitor the events taking place, determining the outcome of the project, developing a modified strategy, etc, also need to be determined.   Some of the measures that may be required in order to protect the salmon include:- Protecting the existent salmon adult and juvenile populations Protecting areas and forests near the rivers and lakes Imposing rules and regulations to protect the salmon Working with wildlife and fisheries groups Using research in breeding and hatchery techniques Having irrigation projects that would not affect the salmon population Using genetic engineering in hatcheries Collaborative efforts from state government, central government, local groups, NGO’s, tribal groups, etc Developing reforms in the hatcheries (Dave G. Butcher, 2001, Madrona, 2000, James L. Connaughton, 2006)          References: Council on Environmental Quality (1999). ‘President Clinton and Vice President Gore Protecting Pacific Salmon.† The White House, 3 May 2008.   http://environmentalcommons.org/salmon.html Dave G. Butcher (2001). â€Å"Protecting Our Salmon.† British Columbia University. 3 May 2008. http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/technology/sampunits/salmon.pdf Felicity Barringer (17 Mar 2008). â€Å"Chinook Salmon Vanish Without a Trace.† NY Times. 3 May 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/17/science/earth/17salmon.html Ian Main (2006). â€Å"Fish Fate—Major Reasons Salmon Are in Trouble.† Ian Main. 3 May 2008. http://www.fishfirst.org/picts/documents/JLC_Salmon_Speech_1_25_06.pdf James L. Connaughton (2006). Columbia River Salmon Recovery: A Comprehensive and Collaborative Management Strategy.† White House Council on Environmental Quality. 3 May 2008. http://www-tc.pbs.org/emptyoceans/educators/activities/docs/Salmon-Scavenger-Hunt-fish-fate.pdf Madrona (2000). â€Å"A Shared Strategy for Recovery of Salmon in Puget Sound.† Draft Shared Strategy. 3 May 2008. http://www.sharedsalmonstrategy.org/files/SharedStrategyDraft10.20.00.pdf MSN Encarta. â€Å"Salmon (fish).† Microsoft. 3 May 2008. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761558965_2/Salmon_(fish).html NMFS. â€Å"Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka).† NOAA Fisheries. 3 May 2008.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/fish/sockeyesalmon.htm The Oregonian (17 Mar 2008). â€Å"The salmon crisis arrives.† The Oregonian. 3 May 2008. http://www.oregonlive.com/editorials/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/editorial/12055443169430.xmlcoll=7 William K. Stevens (14 September 1999). â€Å"As a Species Vanishes, No One Can Say Why.† William K. Stevens. 3 May 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/091499sci-animal-salmon.html More Information: http://www.grinningplanet.com/2005/06-07/overfishing-article.htm http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/10/3/l_103_02.html http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/769646.stm